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فهرست شاهان ارمنستان

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پرش به:ناوبری، جستجو

This is a list of the kings and queens of Armenia, for more information on ancient ارمنستان و مردم ارمنی، please see تاریخ ارمنستان. For information on the medieval Armenian Kingdom in کیلیکیه، please see the separate page پادشاهی ارمنی کیلیکیه.

See List of kings of Urartu for kings of اورارتو (Ararat), the predecessor state of ارمنستان بزرگ.

Greater Armenia[ویرایش]

This is the historical designation of the largest and longest-lasting Armenian kingdom.

Orontid kings and satraps[ویرایش]

In Armenian tradition[ویرایش]

Early kings in traditional Armenian chronology according to موسی خورنی.

Note that the early dates are traditional and of uncertain accuracy.

Attested satraps[ویرایش]

Yervandian (Yervanduni or Orontid) Dynasty[ویرایش]

دودمان آرتاشسی[ویرایش]

روم باستان و پارتn non-dynastic candidates[ویرایش]

سلسله اشکانی ارمنستان[ویرایش]

Marzpanate[ویرایش]

واساک سیونی، پادشاه استان سیونیک ۴۴۲–۴۵۱

Vartan Mamikonian [AKA Vartan Zoravar, legendary Armenian general killed in battle but preserved Armenia as first Christian nation in the world]

Military occupation by General Mihran ۴۸۲

Presiding Princes of Armenia[ویرایش]

Armenian Bagratid kingdom and vassals[ویرایش]

Kings of Armenia (885-1045)[ویرایش]

دودمان باگراتونی[ویرایش]

In 1199 Queen ملکه تامار، definitely conquered Ani and enfeoffed it to the Zakarids-Mkhargrzeli,[۱] who were Georgian vassals.

Zakarids-Mkhargrzeli, from Georgia[ویرایش]

  • ۱۱۹۹-۱۲۱۲: Za'kare I, in Ani
    • ۱۲۰۱-۱۲۲۷: Ivane I, brother of the above, in Dvin
  • ۱۲۱۲-۱۲۶۱: Sanse I, پسر Za'kare I, in Ani
    • ۱۲۲۷-۱۲۵۰: Sargis-Avag, پسر Ivane I, in Dvin, changed his capital to Bjni in 1236
    • ۱۲۵۰-۱۲۶۱: Za'kare II, پسر Sanse I, in Bjni
  • ۱۲۶۱-۱۲۸۰: Ivane II, پسر Sanse I, in Ani, reunited Zakarid capitals
  • ۱۲۸۰-۱۳۲۰: Sanse II, پسر the above, in Ani
  • ۱۳۲۰-۱۳۴۲: Vahram, brother of the above, in Ani
  • ۱۳۴۲-۱۳۶۰: Za'kare III, پسر the above, in Ani
  • ۱۳۶۰: Sanse III, پسر the above, in Ani

Kings and Lords of Lori (۹۷۹-۱۲۵۹)[ویرایش]

دودمان باگراتونی as kings[ویرایش]

  • ۹۷۹-۹۸۹: Gurgen I (also spelled Kiurike), پسر Ashot III of Ani
  • ۹۸۹-۱۰۴۸: David I the Landless, temporarily lost his lands to the king of Ani
    • ح.۱۰۰۰: Smbat I, brother and co-ruler
  • ۱۰۴۸-۱۰۸۹: Gurgen II (also spelled Kiurike)
    • ح.۱۰۶۳: Smbat II, brother and co-ruler
  • ۱۰۸۹-۱۱۱۸: David II
    • ۱۰۸۹-۱۱۱۸: Abas I, brother and co-ruler

From 1118 the Kingdom of Lori became the Lordship of Matznaberd and Tavouch. The Kingdom was annexed by the امپراتوری عثمانی.

دودمان باگراتونی as lords[ویرایش]

  • ۱۱۱۸-۱۱۴۵: David II
    • ۱۱۱۸-۱۱۴۵: Abas I, brother and co-ruler
  • ۱۱۴۵-۱۱۸۵: Gurgen III
  • ۱۱۸۵-۱۱۹۲: Abas II
  • ۱۱۹۲-۱۲۳۶: Aghsartan, illegitimate پسر Abas II
    • ۱۲۳۲-۱۲۳۶: Gurgen IV, پسر Aghsartan and his co-ruler
  • ۱۲۳۶-۱۲۵۶: Pahlavan
  • ۱۲۵۶-۱۲۵۹: Taqiaddin

Kings of Kars (۹۶۲-۱۰۶۴)[ویرایش]

دودمان باگراتونی[ویرایش]

پادشاهی واسپوراکان (۸۰۰–۱۰۲۱)[ویرایش]

Artsruni dynasty as princes[ویرایش]

Artsruni dynasty as kings[ویرایش]

Kings of Syunik (۹۸۷-۱۱۷۰)[ویرایش]

Siunia dynasty[ویرایش]

  • ۹۸۷-۹۹۸: Smbat I Sahak
  • ۹۹۸-۱۰۴۰: Vasak, پسر the above
  • ۱۰۴۰-۱۰۴۴/۵۱: Smbat II, maternal grandson of the above
  • ۱۰۴۴/۵۱-۱۰۷۲: Grigor I, brother of the above
  • ۱۰۷۲-۱۰۹۴: Seneqerim, brother-in-law of the above
  • ۱۰۹۴-۱۱۶۶: Grigor II, پسر the above
  • ۱۱۶۶-۱۱۷۰: Hasan, son-in-law of the above

Armenians in exile: The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia[ویرایش]

The پادشاهی ارمنی کیلیکیه was a state formed in the قرون وسطی by Armenian refugees, who were fleeing the امپراتوری سلجوقی invasion of Armenia.[۲] It was initially founded by the دودمان روبنی، an offshoot of the larger باگراتیونی‌ها that at various times held the thrones of ارمنستان و گرجستان. While the Rubenian rulers were initially regional princes, their close ties with the Western world after the نخستین جنگ صلیبی saw the principality recognised as a kingdom under Leo I by the امپراتوری مقدس روم in 1198.[۳] The Rubenid dynasty fell in 1252 after the death of the last Rubenid monarch زابل، ملکه ارمنستان، and her husband هتوم یکم، شاه ارمنستان became sole ruler, beginning the دودمان هتومی. After the death of لئو چهارم، شاه ارمنستان in 1341 his cousin was elected to succeed him as کنستانتین دوم، شاه ارمنستان، the first king of the دودمان لوزینیان. The kingdom fell at the beginning of لئو پنجم، شاه ارمنستان's reign to the مملوکs,[۴] and henceforth title holders were only claimants to the throne. Charlotte of Cyprus ceded the throne to the خاندان ساوی in 1485,[۵] and the title fell out of use until after 1861.

      Lords and Princes of Cilician Armenia       Kings of Cilician Armenia

دودمان روبنی[ویرایش]

نام پرتره زاده فرمانروایی ازدواج(ها) درگذشته یادداشت
Ruben I
(Ռուբեն Ա)
1025[۶] or 1035[۷]
نامعلوم
1080-1095 نامعلوم
دو فرزند
1095
Kormogolo[۸] or 1035
aged 59–60 or 69-70
He declared the independence of کیلیکیه from the امپراتوری بیزانس، thus formally founding the beginning of مردم ارمنی rule there.[۹] The دودمان روبنی ruled Cilician Armenia until 1219.
کنستانتین یکم، شاهزاده ارمنستان
(Կոստանդին Ա)
Between 1035–1040[۱۰] or between 1050–1055
پسر Ruben I
1095-1100/1102/1103 نامعلوم
(great-grandدختر Bardas Phokas) three children
c.1100[۱۱] or 24 February 1102 or 23 February 1103[۱۲]
aged c. 50-60
He provided ample provisions to the جنگ‌های صلیبیrs, for example during the difficult period of the محاصره انطاکیه (۱۰۹۸) in the winter of 1097. He was a passionate adherent of کلیسای حواری ارمنی.
تورورس یکم، شاهزاده ارمنستان
(Թորոս Ա)
نامعلوم, before 1100
First پسر کنستانتین یکم، شاهزاده ارمنستان
1100/1102/1103-1129 نامعلوم
(great-grandدختر Bardas Phokas) three children
c.1129[۱۳] or 17 February 1129 or 16 February 1130[۱۴] His alliance with the leaders of the نخستین جنگ صلیبی helped him rule his feudal holdings with commanding authority. He avenged the death of King گاگیک دوم by killing his assassins. He also bestowed favors and gave gifts and money to many صومعه for their decoration and adornment.
Constantine II
(Կոստանդին Բ)
نامعلوم, before 1129
پسر تورورس یکم، شاهزاده ارمنستان
1129/1130 Unmarried After 1۷ فوریه ۱۱۲۹ He died a few months after his father’s death in the course of a palace intrigue.
Leo I
(Լեիոն Ա)
نامعلوم, before 1100
Second پسر کنستانتین یکم، شاهزاده ارمنستان
1129/1130-1137 نامعلوم
six or seven children
14 February 1140
قسطنطنیه
aged at least 39-40
Most of his successes benefited from Byzantium’s pre-occupation with the threats of عمادالدین زنگی from حلب and the lack of effective Frankish rule, especially in the Principality of Antioch. He expanded his rule over the کیلیکیه and even to the مدیترانه shores. He was taken captive in 1137 with two of his sons by the Byzantine Emperor. He died in prison.
امپراتوری بیزانس: ۱۱۳۷–۱۱۴۴/۱۱۴۵
Thoros II the Great
(Թորոս Բ)
1144[۱۵] or 1145[۱۶][۱۷]
پسر Leo I
1144-1169 نامعلوم
(An unnamed دختر Simon of Raban[۱۸][۱۹]) or Isabelle of Edessa[۲۰]
1149
دو فرزند

نامعلوم
(An unnamed دختر Thomas of Cilicia)
1164
one child
6 February 1169[۲۱][۲۰][۲۲][۲۰]
aged 23–24-25
Thoros survived his incarceration in Constantinople and was able to escape in 1143. He found it occupied by many Greek garrisons, ousting successfully the Byzantine garrisons.
Thomas of Cilicia
(Թոմաս)
نامعلوم
پسر a دختر Leo I
1169-1170 نامعلوم
at least one child
1170
aged 4–5
Grandson of Leo I, was regent on behalf of his own grandson, Ruben II. Assassinated by prince Mleh, who took the power to himself.
Ruben II
(Ռուբեն Բ)
1165
پسر Thoros II
1169-1170 Unmarried 1170
aged 4–5
Placed under regency of his maternal grandfather, Thomas of Cilicia. Died as a minor, assassinated by his uncle Mleh.
Mleh
(Մլեհ)
Before 1120
پسر Leo I
1170-1175 نامعلوم
بدون فرزند
15 May 1175
قوزان (ترکیه)
aged at least 54-55
During his father's captivity escaped to Edessa with two of his brothers. Expelled from Cilicia by Thoros II, for embracing the مسلمان faith, almost undid his brother’s work when he took the power.
روبن سوم
(Ռուբեն Գ)
1145
First پسر Stephen of Armenia and Rita of Barbaron
1175-1187 Isabella of Toron
دو فرزند
6 May 1187[۲۳]
صومعه درازارک[۲۴]
aged 41-42
He was a friend of the Franks (the جنگ‌های صلیبی); for example, at the end of 1177, assisted فیلیپ یکم، کنت فلاندرز and Prince Bohemond III of Antioch at the ineffectual siege of Harenc.[۲۲]
لئو یکم، شاه ارمنستان
(Լեւոն Ա Մեծագործ)
1150
Second پسر Stephen of Armenia and Rita of Barbaron
1187-1198/1199 Isabella of Antioch
3 February 1188 or 4 February 1189
(annulled 1206)
one child

Sibylla of Cyprus
28 January 1210 or 27 January 1211
one child
2 May 1219[۲۵]
aged 68-69
In 1194–1195, when he was planning to receive the title of شاه، he instituted a union of the سریر مقدس کیلیکیه with پاپ.
لئو یکم، شاه ارمنستان
(Լեւոն Ա Մեծագործ)

(Leo I as king)
1150
پسر دوم Stephen of Armenia and Rita of Barbaron
1198/1199 - 1219 Isabella of Antioch
3 February 1188 or 4 February 1189
(annulled 1206)
one child

Sibylla of Cyprus
28 January 1210 or 27 January 1211
one child
2 May 1219[۲۶]
aged 68-69
During his reign, succeeded in establishing پادشاهی ارمنی کیلیکیه as a powerful and a unified مسیحی state with a pre-eminence in political affairs.[۲۷] Led his kingdom alongside the armies of the جنگ صلیبی سوم and aided the crusaders. Under his rule, Armenian power in Cilicia was at its apogee: his kingdom extended from Isauria to the رشته‌کوه نور.
Adam of Baghras نامعلوم 1219-1220 نامعلوم 1220 Named regent for Isabella I. Assassinated by courtiers.
Constantine of Barbaron
(Կոնստանդին Գունդստաբլ)
نامعلوم
پسر Vassag of Barbaron
1220-1226 Alice Pahlavouni
before 1263
six children
1263 Named regent for Isabella I. Married the heiress to his eldest son.
زابل، ملکه ارمنستان
(Զապել)

(jointly with هتوم یکم، شاه ارمنستان)
27 January 1216 or 25 January 1217
دختر لئو یکم، شاه ارمنستان و Sibylla of Cyprus
1226-1252 Philip of Antioch
June 1222
بدون فرزند

هتوم یکم، شاه ارمنستان
14 June 1226
طرسوس
seven children
23 January 1252
aged 35-36-37
A period of dynastic conflict that ended with the apparent unification in marriage of the two principal dynastic forces of Cilicia (i.e. , the Roupenids and the Hethumids). The country experienced struggles and shifting alliances between دولت‌های صلیبیون and the امپراتوری مغول.

دودمان هتومی[ویرایش]

نام پرتره زاده فرمانروایی ازدواج(ها) درگذشته یادداشت
هتوم یکم، شاه ارمنستان
(Հեթում Ա)

(jointly with زابل، ملکه ارمنستان)
1215
پسر Constantine of Barbaron and Alice Pahlavouni
1226-1270 زابل، ملکه ارمنستان
14 June 1226
طرسوس
seven children
21 October 1270
aged 54-55
Was a major player in the political struggles and shifting alliances around the دولت‌های صلیبیون، as the Armenians had ties with all sides. They were primarily aligned with the Europeans, but during Hethum's reign, the rapidly expanding امپراتوری مغول became a concern.
لوون سوم
(Լեւոն Բ)

(Leo II as king)
1236
پسر هتوم یکم، شاه ارمنستان و زابل، ملکه ارمنستان
1270-1289 Anna of Lampron
5 January 1262 or 14 January 1263
sixteen children
6 February 1289
aged 52-53
A pious king, he was devoted to مسیحیت. He pursued active commercial relations with the West, by renewing trade agreements with the Italians and establishing new ones with the کاتالان‌ها. He also endeavoured to reinforce the Mongol alliance.
هتوم دوم
(Հեթում Բ)
1266
First پسر لوون سوم و Anna of Lampron
1289-1293

1295-1296
(as co-ruler)

1299-1303
Unmarried 17 November 1307
Anazarba
aged 40-41
Political trouble: he abdicated in 1293 for monastic vows, being recalled by his brother توروس سوم، شاه ارمنستان in 1295. They travelled to قسطنطنیه to marry their sister ریتای ارمنستان to میخائیل نهم، but their brother سمبات، شاه ارمنستان usurped the throne, and they were imprisoned in the return; Freed after Sempad's death, assumed power again in 1299, abdicating once more in 1303 to become regent for his successor, لئو سوم، شاه ارمنستان.
توروس سوم، شاه ارمنستان
(Թորոս Երրորդ)

(Thoros I as king)
1271
Second پسر لوون سوم و Anna of Lampron
1293-1298
(nominally since 1296, imprisoned)
Margaret of Cyprus
9 January 1288
دو فرزند

نامعلوم
(دختر غازان خان)
بدون فرزند
23 July 1298
aged 26-27
Imprisoned in 1296 by Sempad, his brother, who usurped the throne, was strangled in prison in 1298.
سمبات، شاه ارمنستان
(Սմբատ)
1277
Third پسر لوون سوم و Anna of Lampron
1296-1298
(usurper)
نامعلوم
(دختر غازان خان)
بدون فرزند
1310
aged 32-33
Sempad seized the throne with the aid of his brother کنستانتین یکم، شاه ارمنستان while his brothers هتوم دوم و توروس سوم، شاه ارمنستان were in قسطنطنیه. At their return, imprisoned them. He also blinded Hethum and strangled Thoros.
کنستانتین یکم، شاه ارمنستان
(Կոստանդին Ա)

(Constantine I as king)
1278
Fourth پسر لوون سوم و Anna of Lampron
1298-1299 Unmarried 1310
aged 31-32
After helping and then deposing his brother, he was raised as king. Gave the throne to his brother, Hethum II.
هتوم دوم
(Հեթում Բ)
1266
First پسر لوون سوم و Anna of Lampron
1303-1305 Unmarried 17 November 1307
Anazarba
aged 40-41
Re-installed as regent for his nephew, Leo IV.
لئو سوم، شاه ارمنستان
(Լեիոն Գ)

(Leo III as king)
1289
پسر توروس سوم، شاه ارمنستان و Margaret of Cyprus
1305-1307 Agnes of Tyre-Cyprus
1305
بدون فرزند
17 November 1307
Anazarba
aged 17-18
Together with is uncle, he fought the Mongols, but were both assassinated in 1307.
اوشین، شاه ارمنستان
(Օշին)
3 January 1283
Fifth پسر لوون سوم و Anna of Lampron
1307-1320 Isabella of Korikos
c.1310
one son

Isabelle of Cyprus
1310
(annulled c.1316)بدون فرزند

Joan of Taranto
February 1316
طرسوس
one child
20 July 1320
aged 37
Ascended to the throne after the death of his nephew, Leo IV. He was poisoned by his cousin Oshin of Korikos.
Oshin of Korikos
(Թորոս Բ)
نامعلوم
پسر Leo I
1320-1329 Marguerite d'Ibelin
before 1320
one child

Joan of Taranto
1320
one child
8 February 1329
قوزان (ترکیه)
Probably poisoned his cousin to rise as regent.
لئو چهارم، شاه ارمنستان
(Լեիոն Դ)

(Leo IV as king)
1309
پسر اوشین، شاه ارمنستان و Isabella of Korikos
1329-1341 Alice of Korikos
10 August 1321
one child

Constance of Sicily
29 December 1331
بدون فرزند
28 August 1341
aged 31-32
Leo was strongly pro-Western and favored a union of the Armenian and Roman Churches, which deeply displeased the native barons. Murdered by them, they elected a cousin, from the Cypriot Lusignans.

دودمان لوزینیان[ویرایش]

نام پرتره زاده فرمانروایی ازدواج(ها) درگذشته یادداشت
کنستانتین دوم، شاه ارمنستان
(Կոստանդին Բ)

(Constantine II as king)
c.1300
پسر Amalric, Lord of Tyre و Isabella of Armenia
1341-1344 Kantakouzene
c.1318
قسطنطنیه
بدون فرزند

Theodora Syrgiannaina
c.1330
دو فرزند
17 April 1344
aged c.43-44
Assassinated in an Armenian revolt in 1344.

دودمان هتومی[ویرایش]

نام پرتره زاده فرمانروایی ازدواج(ها) درگذشته یادداشت
کنستانتین سوم، شاه ارمنستان
(Կոստանդին Դ)

(Constantine III as king)
17 April 1313
پسر Baldwin, Lord of Neghir
1344-1362 Marie of Korikos
1340
دو فرزند
21 December 1362
aged c.43-44
During his rule, Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia was reduced by مملوک raids and conquests. They conquered یومارتالیک in 1347, طرسوس و آدانا in 1359.
Marie of Korikos
(Մարիա Կոռիկոսի)
1321
دختر Oshin of Korikos و Joan of Taranto
1362-c.1365 کنستانتین سوم، شاه ارمنستان
1340
دو فرزند

کنستانتین چهارم، شاه ارمنستان
1369
بدون فرزند
Before 1405
اورشلیم
aged no more than 84
Managed the kingdom for three years, before the accession of Constantine VI.
کنستانتین چهارم، شاه ارمنستان
(Կոստանդին Բ)

(Constantine IV as king)
c.1324
پسر John, Lord of Neghir
1365-1373 Marie of Korikos
1369
بدون فرزند
April 1373
aged c.48-49
Cousin of his predecessor. Allied with Cyprus, and after 1369, with the sultan of Egypt. The barons disliked his policy because they feared the Muslim annexation, and murdered Constantine.

دودمان لوزینیان[ویرایش]

نام پرتره زاده فرمانروایی ازدواج(ها) درگذشته یادداشت
لئو پنجم، شاه ارمنستان
(Կոստանդին Բ)

(Leo V as king)
c.1342
پسر John of Poitiers-Lusignan و Soldana of Georgia
1373-1375 Margaret of Soissons
May 1369
one child
29 November 1393
پاریس
aged 50-51
After several battles against superior مملوک forces, he locked himself in the fortress at Geben (Armeina: Gaban) and eventually surrendered in 1375,[۲۸] thus putting an end to the Kingdom of Armenia.

Claimants[ویرایش]

نام
طول عمر
شروع سلطنت
پایان سلطنت
توضیحات
خانواده
تصویر
لئو پنجم، شاه ارمنستان
۱۳۷۵ ۱۳۹۳ دودمان لوزینیان
James I
۱۳۹۶ ۱۳۹۸ دودمان لوزینیان
Janus
۱۳۹۸ ۱۴۳۲ دودمان لوزینیان
John
۱۴۳۲ ۱۴۵۸ دودمان لوزینیان
Charlotte
۱۴۵۸ ۱۴۶۷ دودمان لوزینیان

Potential claimants today[ویرایش]

The title passed to the branch of the Lusignans in Constantinople and eventually Russia.[۲۹] The title is contested by the خاندان ساوی and the House of Brienne via Hugh, Count of Brienne و جان برین.

جستارهای وابسته[ویرایش]

پانویس[ویرایش]

  1. [۱]
  2. (ارمنی ) Poghosyan, S. ; Katvalyan, M. ; Grigoryan, G. et al. Cilician Armenia (Կիլիկյան Հայաստան). دایره‌المعارف ارمنستان شوروی. vol. v. Yerevan, Armenian SSR: Armenian Academy of Sciences, 1979, pp. 406–428
  3. Kurdoghlian, Mihran (1996). Badmoutioun Hayots, Volume II (به հայերեն). Athens, Greece: Hradaragoutioun Azkayin Oussoumnagan Khorhourti. pp. 29–56.صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  4. Mutafian, p.90
  5. Lang, Robert Hamilton (1878), Cyprus, London: Macmillan and Co., p. 179, retrieved 2008-01-15صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  6. Ghazarian, Jacob G. The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia during the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins (1080–1093).صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  7. الگو:MLCC
  8. Ghazarian, Jacob G. The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia during the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins (1080–1093).صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  9. Ghazarian, Jacob G. The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia during the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins (1080–1093).صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  10. Ghazarian, Jacob G. The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia during the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins (1080–1093).صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  11. Ghazarian, Jacob G. The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia during the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins (1080–1093).صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  12. الگو:MLCC
  13. Ghazarian, Jacob G. The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia during the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins (1080–1093).صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  14. الگو:MLCC
  15. الگو:MLCC
  16. Ghazarian, Jacob G. The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia during the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins (1080–1093).صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  17. Vahan M. Kurkjian (2005-04-05). "A History of Armenia". Website. Bill Thayer. Retrieved 2009-07-19.صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  18. Ghazarian, Jacob G. The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia during the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins (1080–1093).صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  19. Vahan M. Kurkjian (2005-04-05). "A History of Armenia". Website. Bill Thayer. Retrieved 2009-07-19.صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  20. ۲۰٫۰ ۲۰٫۱ ۲۰٫۲ الگو:MLCC
  21. Ghazarian, Jacob G. The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia during the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins (1080–1093).صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  22. ۲۲٫۰ ۲۲٫۱ Runciman, Steven. A History of the Crusades – Volume II. : The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East: 1100–1187.صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  23. الگو:MLCC
  24. Ghazarian, Jacob G. The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia during the Crusades: The Integration of Cilician Armenians with the Latins (1080–1093).صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  25. الگو:MLCC
  26. الگو:MLCC
  27. Edwards, Robert W. The Fortifications of Armenian Cilicia.صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  28. Edwards, Robert W. (1987). The Fortifications of Armenian Cilicia: Dumbarton Oaks Studies XXIII. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks, Trustees for Harvard University. pp. 10, 125, 234. ISBN 0-88402-163-7.صفحه پودمان:Citation/CS1/en/styles.css محتوایی ندارد.
  29. Cecil R. Humphery-Smith, Princes of Lusignan page 5 The Institute of Heraldic and Genealogical Studies 2004 and The colonel was probably known as Louis Christian de Lusignan. In the issue No. 180 of the Peterburgskiy Listok (Petersburg List) Newspaper July 3–15, 1884, a list of deceased in St Petersburg between 11 June and 18 June was found. There was a record for Louis Christian de Lusignan, colonel (retired). In the same newspaper issue No. 172 25 June - 7 July 1884, the following article was published: "The deceased who was buried thereby on Smolensk graveyard on 23 July, was a titled King of Cyprus and Jerusalem and Armenia, descendant of one of the protector of God's Casket, colonel of the Russian service, Louis de Lusignan."

منابع[ویرایش]

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